Sepsis Management and Organ Dysfunction Prevention in Pediatric Intensive Care Units: A Comprehensive Review
Keywords:
sepsis, pediatric intensive care, organ dysfunction, immunomodulation, biomarkers, septic shockAbstract
Sepsis remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) despite advances in critical care. This review examines current evidence on sepsis recognition, management strategies, and prevention of multi-organ dysfunction in critically ill children. We synthesize findings from prospective cohorts, clinical trials, and observational studies (2022–2025) regarding early recognition using biomarkers, timely antibiotic administration, hemodynamic management, organ support modalities, and immunomodulation. Key interventions include rapid diagnostic protocols, goal-directed fluid resuscitation, vasoactive support, and consideration of immune-modifying therapies in high-risk populations. Early identification and implementation of bundle-based approaches significantly reduce mortality and improve organ function preservation. This review provides clinicians with an evidence-based framework for optimizing sepsis care and reducing preventable organ complications in pediatric patients.
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